Norway

1. Unification of petty kingdoms under King Harald Fairhair around 872 AD marks the start of the Viking Kingdom.
2. 1397–1814: Enters the Kalmar Union, leading into centuries under Danish rule followed by a union with Sweden.
3. 1905: Peaceful dissolution of the union with Sweden establishes full Norwegian independence.
4. 1940–1945: Fights Nazi invasion during WWII, with its government operating in exile from London.
5. 1969: Discovery of major offshore North Sea oil transforms the nation into one of the world's wealthiest economies.
6. Modern Era: Manages vast natural wealth using its Sovereign Wealth Fund to preserve social equity and long-term stability.

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